Metabolic & Chronic Disease
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)
Last reviewed: October 2026
Scarring in parts of the kidney's tiny filters, which lets protein leak into the urine and can lead to kidney failure. People of African descent are much more likely to develop it: in African Americans who carry two APOL1 high-risk gene variants, the lifetime risk is about 4%, and it tends to start younger, often between 15 and 39.
Warning Signs
- Foamy or frothy urine
- Swelling around the eyes, ankles or legs
- Sudden weight gain from fluid
- High blood pressure
Prevention Tips
- Ask for a urine protein test (uACR or uPCR) and a kidney blood test (eGFR) if kidney disease runs in your family
- Keep blood pressure under control
- Cut down on salt
- Never stop steroid treatment suddenly — speak to your kidney team first
Where to get checked or find care for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in your country.
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Medical disclaimer: This information is for education and community awareness only. It is not medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always talk to a qualified healthcare provider about your health, and call emergency services if you think someone needs urgent help.