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Metabolic & Chronic Disease
Chronic Kidney Disease / End-Stage Renal Disease
Last reviewed: October 2026
Kidney damage that often has no symptoms until it is advanced. Diabetes and high blood pressure are the main causes, and both are more common in people of African and Caribbean heritage. Black people are also more likely to reach advanced kidney disease.
Warning Signs
- Often none until advanced
- Swelling in the legs, feet or ankles
- Tiredness and trouble concentrating
- Nausea, poor appetite or muscle cramps
Prevention Tips
- Keep blood pressure and blood sugar under control
- Regular kidney tests if you're at risk
- Keep a healthy weight
Where to get checked or find care for chronic kidney disease / end-stage renal disease in your country.
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Medical disclaimer: This information is for education and community awareness only. It is not medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always talk to a qualified healthcare provider about your health, and call emergency services if you think someone needs urgent help.